Coliform Bacteria In Water

COLIFORM BACTERIA are naturally occurring, rod shaped microorganisms which are widely distributed in nature. They exist in soil, on skin, in rivers, lakes and streams. One type of coliform - FECAL COLIFORM - is found in the intestinal tract of man and animals. The bacteria E. coli is a member of the fecal coliform group.

Coliforms are easily detected and their presence or absence has been used extensively in determining water quality. If a well is used for a water supply it is recommended to have the water tested at least annually for coliform bacteria. If a spring is used, the water should be checked at least quarterly, or whenever there is a change in the taste, color or odor of the water.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do bacteria get into my well?

Wells may become contaminated through missing or defective well caps, defective seals around wires and pipes, inadequate or cracked casing, a leaking pitless adapter - or any way in which surface water may enter.

If I have bacteria in my water, will it make me sick?

Coliform bacteria are "indicator" organisms and are not always harmful themselves. Because some are found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals, the presence of coliforms may indicate that other, more harmful organisms may also be present. The more harmful bacteria associated with coliforms may cause disease. Usually in the form of gastro-intestinal problems. Therefore, water which has tested positive for coliforms should not be considered safe for drinking.

What can I do if I have bacteria in my water?

First of all, disinfect your well. Most drilled wells with adequate casing and no leaks can be disinfected. If, after repeated chlorinations, and there are still bacteria present, options are: a) drilling a new well or b) treating the water with a purification device, such as a UV light, chlorinator or ozonator. See the method fro disinfecting your well under CHLORINATION PROCEDURE.

How often should I have my water tested?

Well water should be tested at least annually for bacteria. Springs and shallow wells should be monitored more frequently because they are often under the influence of surface water. Water should be tested whenever there is a change in the taste, color or odor. The only way to know if coliform bacteria are in your water, is to have it tested..

Unlike municipal systems, which are monitored routinely, the privately owned well is rarely tested after the initial check by the health department. Because sensory clues are often absent in cases of water pollution, it is vital to have a routine testing program for your water supply.

Routine Water Testing Program

The Routine Water Testing Program at Fountain Valley Analytical Lab is an easy and inexpensive way of keeping track of your water quality.

Simply call: (410) 848-1014 or (410) 876-4554 or email us at cwm@fval.com for more information.

© 2006 Fountain Valley Laboratory, Inc.
Last update May 15, 2006